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Finance studies and addresses the ways in which individuals, businesses and organizations raise, allocate and use monetary resources over time, taking into account the risksentailed in their projects.
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to finance:
[edit]Essence of finance
The term finance may incorporate any of the following:
- The study of money and other assets
- The management and control of those assets
- Profiling and managing project risks
- As a verb, "to finance" is to provide funds for business.
[edit]Fundamental financial concepts
- Finance an overview
- Arbitrage
- Capital (economics)
- Capital asset pricing model
- Cash flow
- Cash flow matching
- Debt
- Discounted cash flow
- Financial capital
- Financial modeling
- Entrepreneur
- Fixed income analysis
- Gap financing
- Hedge
- Interest rate
- Short rate model
- Interest
- Investment
- Leverage
- Locked-in value
- Long (finance)
- Liquidity
- Margin (finance)
- Mark to future
- Mark to market
- Market Impact
- Medium of exchange
- Microcredit
- Money creation
- Money
- Portfolio
- Reference rate
- Return
- Right-financing
- Risk
- Scenario analysis
- Short (finance)
- Speculation
- Position trader
- Spread
- Standard of deferred payment
- Store of value
- Time horizon
- Time value of money
- Unit of account
- Volatility
- Yield
- Yield curve
[edit]History of finance
- Tulip mania 1620s/1630s
- South Sea Bubble & Mississippi Company 1710s; see also Stock market bubble
- Panic of 1837
- Railway mania 1840s
- Erie War 1860s
- Long Depression 1873 to 1896
- Post-WWI hyperinflation; see Hyperinflation and Inflation in the Weimar Republic
- Wall Street Crash 1929
- Great Depression 1930s
- Oil Shock 1973
- 1979 energy crisis
- Savings and Loan Crisis 1980s
- Black Monday 1987
- Asian financial crisis 1990s
- Dot-com bubble 1995-2001
- Stock market downturn of 2002
- United States housing bubble
- Financial crisis of 2007–2010
[edit]Finance terms, by field
[edit]Accounting (financial record keeping)
- Main articles: Accounting and List of accounting topics
- Auditing
- Accounting software
- Book keeping
- FASB
- Financial accountancy
- Management accounting
- Philosophy of Accounting
- Working capital
[edit]Banking
[edit]Corporate finance
Main article: Corporate finance
- Balance sheet analysis
- Business plan
- Capital budgeting
- Corporate action
- Managerial finance
- Mergers and acquisitions
- Real options
- Return on investment
- Working capital management
[edit]Investment management
- Fund management
- Visualization of Financial Implications
[edit]Personal finance
Main article: Personal finance
- 529 plan (college savings)
- Budget
- Coverdell Education Savings Account (Coverdell ESAs, formerly known as Education IRAs)
- Credit and debt
- Debit card
- Direct deposit
- Employment contract
- Financial literacy
- Insurance
- Predatory lending
- Retirement plan
- Social security
- Tax advantage
- Wealth
- Comparison of accounting software
- Personal financial management
- Investment club
- Collective investment scheme
- Car financing
[edit]Public finance
Main article: Public finance
- Central bank
- Federal Reserve
- Fractional-reserve banking
- Tax
- Capital gains tax
- Estate tax (and inheritance tax)
- Gift tax
- Income tax
- Inheritance tax
- Payroll tax
- Property tax (including land value tax)
- Sales tax (including value added tax, excise tax, and use tax)
- Transfer tax (including stamp duty)
- Tax advantage
- Tax, tariff and trade
- crowding out
- Industrial policy
- Agricultural policy
- Currency union
- Monetary reform
[edit]Insurance
Main article: Insurance
- Actuarial science
- Annuities
- Catastrophe modeling
- Earthquake loss
- Extended coverage
- Insurable interest
- Insurable risk
- Insurance
- Insurance contract
- Risk Retention Group
[edit]Economics and finance
[edit]Mathematics and finance
[edit]Time value of money
Main article: Time value of money
[edit]Financial mathematics
Main article: Financial mathematics
[edit]Mathematical tools
[edit]Derivatives pricing
- Main article: Derivatives pricing
- Options (and Real options)
- Interest rate derivatives
- Short-rate models (used in pricing bond options, swaptions and other interest rate derivatives)
[edit]Constraint finance
- Creditary economics
- Environmental finance
- Feminist economics
- Green economics
- Islamic economics
- Uneconomic growth
- Value of Earth
- Value of life
[edit]Virtual finance
[edit]Financial markets
[edit]Market and instruments
- Capital markets
- Securities
- Financial markets
- Primary market
- Initial public offering
- Aftermarket
- Free market
- Bull market
- Bear market
- Bear market rally
- Market maker
- Dow Jones Industrial Average
- Nasdaq
- List of stock exchanges
- List of stock market indices
- List of corporations by market capitalization
- Value Line Composite Index
[edit]Equity market
Main article: Equity market
- Stock market
- Stock
- Common stock
- Preferred stock
- Treasury stock
- Equity investment
- Index investing
- Private Equity
- Financial reports and statements
- Fundamental analysis
- Dividend
- Dividend yield
- Stock split
[edit]Equity valuation
Main article: Equity valuation
- Dow Theory
- Elliott Wave Theory
- Economic value added
- Fibonacci retracement
- Gordon model
- Growth stock
- Mergers and acquisitions
- Leveraged buyout
- Takeover
- Corporate raid
- PE ratio
- Market capitalization
- Income per share
- Stock valuation
- Technical analysis
- Chart patterns
- V-trend
[edit]Investment theory
Main article: Investment theory
- Behavioral finance
- Dead cat bounce
- Efficient market hypothesis
- Market microstructure
- Stock market crash
- Stock market bubble
- January effect
- Mark Twain effect
- Quantitative behavioral finance
- Quantitative analyst
- Statistical arbitrage
[edit]Bond market
Main article: Bond market
- Bond (finance)
- Zero-coupon bond
- Junk bonds
- Convertible bond
- Accrual bond
- Municipal bond
- Sovereign bond
- Bond valuation
- Fixed income
[edit]Money market
Main article: Money market
- Repurchase agreement
- International Money Market
- Currency
- Exchange rate
- International currency codes
- Table of historical exchange rates
[edit]Commodity market
Main article: Commodity market
- Commodity
- Asset
- Commodity Futures Trading Commission
- Day trading
- Drawdowns
- Forfaiting
- Fundamental analysis
- Futures contract
- Fungibility
- Gold as an investment
- Hedging
- Jesse Lauriston Livermore
- List of traded commodities
- MACD
- Ownership equity
- Position trader
- Risk (Futures)
- Seasonal traders
- Seasonal spread trading
- Slippage
- Speculation
- Spread
- Technical analysis
- Trade
- Trend
[edit]Derivatives market
Main article: Derivatives market
- Derivative (finance)
- (see also Financial mathematics topics; Derivatives pricing)
- Underlying instrument
[edit]Forward markets and contracts
Main article: Forward market
[edit]Futures markets and contracts
Main article: Futures market
[edit]Option markets and contracts
Main article: Option market
- Options
- Stock option
- Warrants
- Foreign exchange option
- Interest rate options
- Bond options
- Real options
- Options on futures
[edit]Swap markets and contracts
Main article: Swap market
- see: w:Swap (finance)
[edit]Derivative markets by underlyings
[edit]Equity derivatives
Main article: Equity derivative
- Contract for difference (CFD)
- Exchange-traded fund (ETF)
- Equity options
- Equity swap
- Real Estate Investment Trust (REIT)
- Warrants
[edit]Interest rate derivatives
Main article: Interest rate derivative
- LIBOR
- Forward rate agreement
- Interest rate swap
- Interest rate cap
- Exotic interest rate option
- Bond option
- Interest rate future
- Money market instruments
- Range accrual Swaps/Notes/Bonds
- In-arrears Swap
- Constant maturity swap (CMS) or constant treasury swap (CTS) derivatives (swaps, caps, floors)
- Interest rate Swaption
- Bermudan swaptions
- Cross currency swaptions
- Power Reverse Dual Currency note (PRDC or Turbo)
- Target redemption note (TARN)
- CMS steepener
- Snowball
- Inverse floater
- Strips of Collateralized mortgage obligation
- Ratchet caps and floors
[edit]Credit derivatives
Main article: Credit derivative
- Credit default swap
- Collateralized debt obligation
- Credit default option
- Total return swap
- Securitization
[edit]Foreign exchange derivative
Main article: Foreign exchange derivative
- Foreign exchange option
- Currency future
- Forex swap
- Foreign exchange hedge
- Binary option: Foreign exchange
[edit]Financial regulation
[edit]Designations and accreditation
- Certified Financial Planner
- Chartered Financial Analyst
- Chartered Financial Consultant
- Canadian Securities Institute
- Independent Financial Adviser
- Financial Risk Manager
- Chartered Accountant
[edit]Fraud
[edit]Industry bodies
[edit]Regulatory bodies
- Main article List of financial regulatory authorities by country
- Bank for International Settlements
- International Organization of Securities Commissions
- Security Commission
- Basel Accords - Basel I, Basel II
[edit]United Kingdom
[edit]European Union
[edit]United States
- Commodity Futures Trading Commission (U.S.)
- Federal Reserve
- Federal Trade Commission
- Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board (US)
- Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (US)
- Securities and Exchange Commission
[edit]United States legislation
- Glass-Steagall Act (US)
- Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (US)
- Sarbanes-Oxley Act (US)
- Securities Act of 1933 (US)
- Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (US)
- Investment Advisers Act of 1940 (US)
- USA PATRIOT Act
[edit]Actuarial topics
[edit]Asset types
[edit]Raising capital
[edit]Valuation
[edit]Discounted cash flow valuation
Main article: Discounted cash flow
[edit]Relative valuation
- Dividend yield
- Financial ratio
- Market-based valuation
- PE ratio
- Relative valuation
- Stock image
- Stock profile
[edit]Contingent claim valuation
- See derivatives pricing below.
[edit]Financial software tools
- Straight Through Processing Software
- Technical Analysis Software
- Algorithmic trading
- List of numerical analysis software
- Comparison of numerical analysis software
[edit]Financial institutions
- Bank
- Bank holding company
- Building society
- Clearing house
- Commercial lender
- Community development financial institution
- Credit rating agency
- Credit union
- Diversified financial
- Edge Act Corporation
- Export Credit Agencies
- Financial adviser
- Financial intermediary
- Financial planner
- Futures exchange
- Government sponsored enterprise
- Hard money lender
- Independent Financial Adviser
- Industrial loan company
- Insurance regulatory
- Insurance company
- Investment adviser
- Investment company
- Investment trust
- Large and Complex Financial Institutions
- Mutual fund
- Non-banking financial company
- Prime brokerage
- Retail broker
- Savings and loan association
- Stock broker
- Stock exchange
- Trust company
[edit]Persons influential in the field of finance
[edit]
- List of accounting topics
- List of management topics
- List of marketing topics
- List of economics topics
- List of international trade topics
- List of information technology management topics
- List of production topics
- List of business law topics
- List of business ethics, political economy, and philosophy of business topics
- List of business theorists
